Free Roman Numeral Converter

Convert between numbers and Roman numerals, in both directions.

Roman numerals use a subtractive notation for some values (IV = 4, not IIII) — this converter follows standard modern Roman numeral rules and supports values from 1 to 3,999 (the practical limit of standard notation without special overline symbols for larger numbers).

Worked Example

Example: 1994 converts to MCMXCIV (1000 + 900 + 90 + 4).

Formula / Method

Greedy algorithm: repeatedly subtracts the largest possible Roman numeral value (from a table including subtractive pairs like CM=900, CD=400, XC=90, etc.) and appends its symbol.

Worked Example

Example: 1994 converts to MCMXCIV (1000 + 900 + 90 + 4).

Formula / Method

Greedy algorithm: repeatedly subtracts the largest possible Roman numeral value (from a table including subtractive pairs like CM=900, CD=400, XC=90, etc.) and appends its symbol.